Menu Mayhem

[Walt Decker]

While developing the demo for the listview control I recently uploaded I wanted to put a seperator between some of the menu sub-items. Looking through the LB PRO help I did not find a native way to seperate sub-items so I used the underscore character and made a note to delve into the menus and devise a way to include a seperator. I have not done much with menus for a long while since the coding language I generally use has most of the functions I need to create menus and those it does not have I developed include files to address them.

A menu is a strange duck. It is kind of a cross between a treeview control and a list. The menu itself has a handle. Each of the items on the meun bar has a handle (there are exceptions). Items relating to a menu bar item do not have a handle but do have a programmer defined ID number. Knowing a litte about how callback functions work I reasoned that I could stuff a seperator without disturbing the LB system. I also looked into adding a check mark. Those two things are exactly what the below code does.

To run the below code you will need this   LISTVIEW_DLL.ZIP (53.04 KB)

One might wonder why bother. Here are three reasons:
1. I gives your app a more professional look

2. If you begin programming in a language that gives you access to the window callback you will have a little more knowledge of manipulating menus

3. With a little research you may discover a method to produce sub-sub-menus for LB 4x without disrupting the LB flow control



[REFERENCE]
MF.BYCOMMAND        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")

MF.SEPARATOR        = HEXDEC("&H00000800")

MF.ENABLED          = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.GRAYED           = HEXDEC("&H00000001")
MF.DISABLED         = HEXDEC("&H00000002")

MF.UNCHECKED        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.CHECKED          = HEXDEC("&H00000008")
MF.USECHECKBITMAPS  = HEXDEC("&H00000200")

MF.STRING           = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BITMAP           = HEXDEC("&H00000004")
MF.OWNERDRAW        = HEXDEC("&H00000100")

MF.POPUP            = HEXDEC("&H00000010")
MF.MENUBARBREAK     = HEXDEC("&H00000020")
MF.MENUBREAK        = HEXDEC("&H00000040")

MF.UNHILITE         = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.HILITE           = HEXDEC("&H00000080")

MF.DEFAULT          = HEXDEC("&H00001000")

MF.SYSMENU          = HEXDEC("&H00002000")
MF.HELP             = HEXDEC("&H00004000")

MF.RIGHTJUSTIFY     = HEXDEC("&H00004000")

MF.MOUSESELECT      = HEXDEC("&H00008000")

[DECLARATIONS]

OPEN "User32.dll" FOR DLL AS #USER
OPEN "LvCtrl.dll" FOR DLL AS #LV

[GLOBALS]
GLOBAL DmoHndl, _
       LvHndl

GLOBAL  SelItem, _
      SubItems

DIM MnuBar$(0)
DIM SubMnu$(0, 0)

[INITIALIZE]

DmoHndl = 0
LvHndl  = 0

SelItem = 0
SubItems = 0

[MENUS]

MENU #MNU, "MENU", "Insert Separator", INSERT.SEP, "Add Check", ADD.CHECK, _
          "Get Check", GET.CHECK

MENU #MNU, "M1", "A", D1, "B", D1, "C", D1, "D", D1, "E", D1
MENU #MNU, "M2", "D", D2, "E", D2, "F", D2

[STATIC]
STATICTEXT #MNU.INFO, "Select MENUBAR Name", 0, 5, 300, 25

[LIST]

LISTBOX #MNU.BAR, MnuBar$(), SEL.BAR, 0, 30, 300, 200

OPEN "MENUS" FOR WINDOW AS #MNU

[START.WIN]
DmoHndl = HWND(#MNU)
A = FN.MenuBar()
WAIT

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------

SUB SEL.BAR Hndl$

MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")

MnuHndl = 0
SubHndl = 0
MnuCnt  = 0
NumChrs = 0
MnuId   = 0
Flag    = MF.BYPOSITION
I       = 0

TxtIn$  = ""

PRINT #MNU.BAR, "selectionindex? SelItem"

SelItem = SelItem - 1
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenu", DmoHndl AS ULONG, MnuHndl AS ULONG
CALLDLL #USER, "GetSubMenu", MnuHndl AS ULONG, SelItem AS LONG, SubHndl AS ULONG
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuItemCount", SubHndl AS ULONG, MnuCnt AS LONG

MnuCnt = MnuCnt - 1
SubItems = MnuCnt
REDIM SubMnu$(MnuCnt, 2)

FOR I = 0 TO MnuCnt
 SubMnu$(I, 2) = STR$(SubHndl)
 StrIn$ = SPACE$(60)
 CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuStringA", SubHndl AS ULONG, _
                                        I AS LONG, _
                                    StrIn$ AS PTR, _
                                      60 AS SHORT, _
                                    Flag AS ULONG, _
                                   NumChrs AS LONG
  SubMnu$(I, 0) = LEFT$(StrIn$, NumChrs)
  CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuItemID", SubHndl AS ULONG, I AS LONG, MnuId AS ULONG
  SubMnu$(I, 1) = STR$(MnuId)
NEXT I

SelItem = 0
I = FN.SelectSub()

END SUB

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------

FUNCTION FN.SelectSub()

LVS.EX.CHECKBOXES       = HEXDEC("&H00000004")

I = 0
J = 0

STRUCT LvType, _
 Ulx       AS LONG, _
 Uly       AS LONG, _
 Wide      AS LONG, _
 High      AS LONG, _
 LvStyle   AS ULONG, _
 LvStyleEx AS ULONG, _
 Asort     AS LONG, _
 FntHndl   AS ULONG, _
 ChrClr    AS LONG, _
 BkgColor  AS LONG

PRINT #MNU.BAR, "HIDE"
PRINT #MNU.INFO, "Select a SUBMENU name then select ONE of Insert Separator," + _
                " Add Check, Get Check from the 'MENU' menu bar item."
LvType.Ulx.struct = 0
LvType.Uly.struct = 35
LvType.LvStyleEx.struct = LVS.EX.CHECKBOXES
LvType.ChrClr.struct = -7
LvType.BkgColor.struct = -7

CALLDLL #LV, "FN_InitListView", DmoHndl AS ULONG, LvType AS STRUCT, LvHndl AS ULONG

CALLDLL #LV, "AddLvColumn", LvHndl AS ULONG, 1 AS LONG, _
             75 AS LONG, 0 AS LONG, "MENU" AS PTR, RetVal AS VOID
CALLDLL #LV, "AddLvColumn", LvHndl AS ULONG, 2 AS LONG, _
             75 AS LONG, 0 AS LONG, "MENU ID" AS PTR, RetVal AS VOID
CALLDLL #LV, "AddLvColumn", LvHndl AS ULONG, 3 AS LONG, _
             75 AS LONG, 0 AS LONG, "HANDLE" AS PTR, RetVal AS VOID
J = -1
FOR I = 1 TO SubItems + 1
 J = J + 1
 Txt$ = SubMnu$(J, 0)
 CALLDLL #LV, "InsertLvLine", LvHndl AS ULONG, I AS LONG, _
               0 AS LONG, Txt$ AS PTR, RetVal AS VOID

 Txt$ = SubMnu$(J, 1)
 CALLDLL #LV, "AddLvText", LvHndl AS ULONG, I AS LONG, _
              2 AS LONG, Txt$ AS PTR, RetVal AS VOID
 Txt$ = SubMnu$(J, 2)
 CALLDLL #LV, "AddLvText", LvHndl AS ULONG, I AS LONG, _
              3 AS LONG, Txt$ AS PTR, RetVal AS VOID

NEXT I
END FUNCTION

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------

FUNCTION FN.MenuBar()

MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")

NumMnuBar = 0
NumSubMnu = 0
MnuHndl   = 0
SubHndl   = 0
RetVal    = 0
I         = 0
Flag      = MF.BYPOSITION
StrIn$    = ""

'/================================================================================/'
'                              Get the handle to the menu bar
'=================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenu", DmoHndl AS ULONG, MnuHndl AS ULONG

'/================================================================================/'
'                              Get tje number of items on the menu bar
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuItemCount", MnuHndl AS ULONG, NumMnuBar AS LONG

REDIM MnuBar$(NumMnuBar - 1)

'/================================================================================/'
' Parse the item on the menu bar BY POSITION because those items do not have an ID
' AND even if they did we would not know what it is.
'/================================================================================/'
FOR I = 0 TO NumMnuBar - 1
 StrIn$ = SPACE$(60)
 CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuStringA", MnuHndl AS ULONG, _
                                        I AS LONG, _
                                    StrIn$ AS PTR, _
                                      60 AS SHORT, _
                                    Flag AS ULONG, _
                                    RetVal AS LONG
 MnuBar$(I) = LEFT$(StrIn$, RetVal)

NEXT I

'/================================================================================/'
'                     Put the names in the listbox
'/================================================================================/'
PRINT #MNU.BAR, "RELOAD"
END FUNCTION

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------

SUB INSERT.SEP

MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")
MF.SEPARATOR        = HEXDEC("&H00000800")

RetVal   = 0
SubHndl  = 0
LineCnt  = 0
NumChrs  = 0
Selected = 0
Flags    = MF.BYPOSITION OR MF.SEPARATOR
Fnd      = 0

Txt$ = ""
'/================================================================================/'
'                  Find the number of lines in the list view
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvLineCount", LvHndl AS ULONG, LineCnt AS LONG

'/================================================================================/'
'  Parse the list view until we find the selected item
'/================================================================================/'
FOR I = 1 TO LineCnt
 CALLDLL #LV, "FN_LvGetSelect", LvHndl AS ULONG, I AS LONG, Selected AS LONG

 IF Selected <> 0 THEN
   Fnd = I
   GOTO [OK]
 END IF
NEXT I

[OK]

IF Fnd = 0 THEN EXIT SUB

[GETLV.VALUES]
REDIM SubMnu$(0, 2)

TxtIn$ = SPACE$(60)
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvText", LvHndl AS ULONG, Selected AS LONG, _
            1 AS LONG, TxtIn$ AS PTR, NumChrs AS LONG
SubMnu$(0, 0) = LEFT$(TxtIn$, NumChrs)

TxtIn$ = SPACE$(60)
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvText", LvHndl AS ULONG, Selected AS LONG, _
            2 AS LONG, TxtIn$ AS PTR, NumChrs AS LONG
SubMnu$(0, 1) = LEFT$(TxtIn$, NumChrs)

TxtIn$ = SPACE$(60)
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvText", LvHndl AS ULONG, Selected AS LONG, _
            3 AS LONG, TxtIn$ AS PTR, NumChrs AS LONG
SubMnu$(0, 2) = LEFT$(TxtIn$, NumChrs)

[INSERT.SEPARATOR]
SubHndl = VAL(SubMnu$(0, 2))
Selected = Selected - 1

'/================================================================================/'
'  Insert the seperator BEFORE the item selected
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", SubHndl AS ULONG, Selected AS LONG, Flags AS ULONG, _
              0 AS LONG, "" AS PTR, RetVal AS LONG
CALLDLL #USER, "DrawMenuBar", DmoHndl AS ULONG, RetVal AS VOID

[CLEANUP.SEP]
PRINT #MNU.INFO, "Select MENUBAR Name"

CALLDLL #LV, "LvClose", LvHndl AS ULONG, RetVal AS VOID
PRINT #MNU.BAR, "SHOW"

END SUB

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------

SUB ADD.CHECK

[ADD.REF]

MF.BYCOMMAND        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.ENABLED          = HEXDEC("&H00000000")

MF.UNCHECKED        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.CHECKED          = HEXDEC("&H00000008")

[ADD.INIT]

RetVal   = 0
MnuHndl  = 0
LineCnt  = 0
NumChrs  = 0
Selected = 0
MnuId    = 0
Flags    = MF.COMMAND OR MF.ENABLED OR MF.CHECKED  'OR MF.USECHECKBITMAPS

Txt$ = ""

'/================================================================================/'
'   Get the number of lines in the list view
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvLineCount", LvHndl AS ULONG, LineCnt AS LONG

'/================================================================================/'
'  Parse the listview until the selected item is found
'/================================================================================/'
FOR I = 1 TO LineCnt
 CALLDLL #LV, "FN_LvGetSelect", LvHndl AS ULONG, I AS LONG, Selected AS LONG

 IF Selected <> 0 THEN
   Fnd = I
   GOTO [OK]
 END IF
NEXT I

[OK]

IF Fnd = 0 THEN EXIT SUB

REDIM SubMnu$(0, 2)

'/================================================================================/'
'   Get the ID of the sub-menu item selected
'/================================================================================/'
TxtIn$ = SPACE$(60)
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvText", LvHndl AS ULONG, Selected AS LONG, _
            2 AS LONG, TxtIn$ AS PTR, NumChrs AS LONG

'/================================================================================/'
'  Get the handle of the menu bar.  Because we are going to use the sub-item ID
'  we need this rather than the sub-menu handle
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenu", DmoHndl AS ULONG, MnuHndl AS ULONG

MnuId   = VAL(TxtIn$)

'/================================================================================/'
'  Set the sub-menu state as CHECKED
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #USER, "CheckMenuItem", SubHndl AS ULONG, _
               MnuId AS ULONG, _
               Flags AS ULONG, _
               RetVal AS LONG
CALLDLL #USER, "DrawMenuBar", DmoHndl AS ULONG, RetVal AS VOID

[ADDCHECK.CLEANUP]
PRINT #MNU.INFO, "Select MENUBAR Name"

CALLDLL #LV, "LvClose", LvHndl AS ULONG, RetVal AS VOID
PRINT #MNU.BAR, "SHOW"

END SUB

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------

SUB GET.CHECK

MF.BYCOMMAND        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.CHECKED          = HEXDEC("&H00000008")

Selected = 0
Checked  = 0
MnuHndl  = 0
MnuId    = 0
Flag     = MF.BYCOMMAND
Fnd      = 0

Txt$ = ""

'/================================================================================/'
'  Get the number of lines in the listview
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvLineCount", LvHndl AS ULONG, LineCnt AS LONG

'/================================================================================/'
'  Parse the listview for the item selected
'/================================================================================/'
FOR I = 1 TO LineCnt
 CALLDLL #LV, "FN_LvGetSelect", LvHndl AS ULONG, I AS LONG, Selected AS LONG

 IF Selected <> 0 THEN
   Fnd = I
   GOTO [CHECK.OK]
 END IF
NEXT I

[CHECK.OK]

IF Fnd = 0 THEN EXIT SUB

'/================================================================================/'
'  Get the ID of the sub-menu item
'/================================================================================/'
TxtIn$ = SPACE$(60)
CALLDLL #LV, "FN_GetLvText", LvHndl AS ULONG, Selected AS LONG, _
            2 AS LONG, TxtIn$ AS PTR, NumChrs AS LONG
MnuId = VAL(TxtIn$)

'/================================================================================/'
'   Get the handle of the menu bar
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenu", DmoHndl AS ULONG, MnuHndl AS ULONG

'/================================================================================/'
'  Determine if the sub-item state is checked
'/================================================================================/'
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuState", MnuHndl AS ULONG, MnuId AS ULONG, _
              Flag AS ULONG, Checked AS ULONG

IF (Checked AND MF.CHECKED) = MF.CHECKED THEN
 NOTICE "The item with menu id " + STR$(MnuId) + " is checked"
ELSE
 NOTICE "The item with menu id " + STR$(MnuId) + " is not checked"
END IF

END SUB

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------


SUB D1

PRINT "D1"

END SUB

'----------------------------------------------------------------
'----------------------------------------------------------------

SUB D2

PRINT "D2"

END SUB


[Walt Decker]

Here I am going to attempt two things. First I am going to create an LB menu using one of the API methods (there are at least three). Unfortunately, the API menu is not accessable in LB unless one either creates a string of keyboard and mouse hook functions or creates a DLL that either subclasses or superclasses the LB window. I will also explain why it is not accessable.

Second I will create an LB menu that looks like the API method and is accessable to LB. The reason it is accessable should be obvious from the explanation of the API method.

=============================================================================================
API METHOD
USER32.DLL FUNCTIONS USED
=============================================================================================

"CreateMenu", MnuHndl AS ULONG

Returns a handle for the window MENU BAR

-----------------------------------------------------------
"CreatePopupMenu", PopHndl AS ULONG

Returns a handle for the MENU BAR DROP-DOWN MENU
-----------------------------------------------------------

"InsertMenuA", _
MnuHndl AS ULONG, _ Handle of the MENU BAR or
_ the handle of a DROP-DOWN menu or
_ the handle of a POP-UP menu
Position AS LONG, _ Location of the menu item based on the
_ values contained in Flag
Flag AS ULONG, _ Governs how Position, MenuId, and
_ LongPointer are interpreted
MenuID AS ULONG, _ Handle of DROP-DOWN menu, POP-UP
_ menu or ID number of a menu item
LongPointer AS ULONG, _ Pointer to a null terminated string or
_ or a menu type depending on the values
_ contained in Flag
RetVal AS LONG Non-zero on success

-----------------------------------------------------------
"SetMenu", WinHndl AS ULONG, _ Handle of the window containing the
_ MENU BAR
MnuHndl AS ULONG, _ Handle of the MENU BAR obtained from
_ the CreateMenu() function
RetVal AS LONG Non-zero on success

=============================================================================================
EXPLANATION
=============================================================================================
The LB statement:

MENU #HANDLE, "FILES", "Open", OPEN.FL

is equivalent to:


"CreateMenu", MnuHndl        CREATE THE WINDOW BAR HANDLE

"CreatePopupMenu", PopHndl   CREATE THE DROP-DOWN MENU HANDLE

"InsertMenuA", _             ADD THE ITEM TO THE MENU BAR
MnuHndl AS ULONG, _         TELL IT WHICH MENU (WINDOWS CAN HAVE MORE THAN ONE MENU BAR)
                            BUT ONLY ONE ACTIVE AT A TIME
     0  AS  LONG, _         FIRST ITEM ON THE MENU BAR
   Flag AS ULONG, _  
PopHndl AS ULONG, _         GIVE IT A HANDLE RATHER THAN AN ID NUMBER
  "FILES" AS PTR, _         GIVE IT A NAME
  RetVal AS LONG      

"InsertMenuA", _             ADD THE FIRST ITEM TO THE DROP-DOWN LIST
PopHndl AS ULONG, _         NOTICE THE USE OF PopHndl RATHER THAN MnuHndl
     1  AS  LONG, _         ADD THE ITEM BEFORE ITEM ONE
   Flag AS ULONG, _        
    450 AS ULONG, _         GIVE THE ITEM AN ID NUMBER
  "Open" AS PTR, _          GIVE IT A NAME
  RetVal AS LONG      

"SetMenu", WinHndl AS ULONG, _  MAKE THIS MENU ACTIVE ON THIS WINDOW
          MnuHndl AS ULONG, _  
            RetVal AS LONG    

So where does "OPEN.FL" come into the picture? To explain that I have to explain a little about CALLBACK functions and how they operate.

A CALLBACK function looks a little like this:


CALLBACK(hWin, Msg, wParam, lParam)

SELECT CASE Msg
 WINDOWS MESSAGES (There is an ocean full of number-based messages)
END SELECT

FUNCTION = DefWindowProc(hWin, Msg, wParam, lParam)
END FUNCTION


The message of interest for a menu is WM_COMMAND. This messeage then breaks down into sub-messages based on the content of the wParam argument of the callback function. The low word of wParam contains the menu item ID number; the high word of wParam contains the notification message "BN_CLICK". Given the menu ID number you can have the function do something either within the callback or external to it. So the callback would look something like this:


CALLBACK(hWin, Msg, wParam, lParam)

SELECT CASE Msg
 CASE WM_COMMAND
   SELECT CASE HI(WORD, wParam)
     CASE BN_CLICK
       SELECT CASE LO(WORD, wParam
         CASE 450        <--- My menu item ID Number
           CALL OPEN.FL  <--- My sub-routine
       END SELECT
   END SELECT    
END SELECT

FUNCTION = DefWindowProc(hWin, Msg, wParam, lParam)
END FUNCTION


Because I am using API to define the LB menu, LB does not know where to branch; therefore, the click or enter event is not activated. Following is the menu API code.



MF.BYCOMMAND        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")

MF.SEPARATOR        = HEXDEC("&H00000800")

MF.ENABLED          = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.GRAYED           = HEXDEC("&H00000001")
MF.DISABLED         = HEXDEC("&H00000002")

MF.UNCHECKED        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.CHECKED          = HEXDEC("&H00000008")
MF.USECHECKBITMAPS  = HEXDEC("&H00000200")

MF.STRING           = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BITMAP           = HEXDEC("&H00000004")
MF.OWNERDRAW        = HEXDEC("&H00000100")

MF.POPUP            = HEXDEC("&H00000010")
MF.MENUBARBREAK     = HEXDEC("&H00000020")
MF.MENUBREAK        = HEXDEC("&H00000040")

MF.UNHILITE         = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.HILITE           = HEXDEC("&H00000080")

MF.DEFAULT          = HEXDEC("&H00001000")

MF.SYSMENU          = HEXDEC("&H00002000")
MF.HELP             = HEXDEC("&H00004000")

MF.RIGHTJUSTIFY     = HEXDEC("&H00004000")

MF.MOUSESELECT      = HEXDEC("&H00008000")

OPEN "User32.dll" FOR DLL AS #USER


OPEN "MENU DEMO" FOR WINDOW AS #DMO

DmoHndl = HWND(#DMO)

A = FN.MakeMenu(DmoHndl)
WAIT
END

'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FUNCTION FN.MakeMenu(DmoHndl)

MF.BYCOMMAND        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")
MF.ENABLED          = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.STRING           = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.STRING           = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.POPUP            = HEXDEC("&H00000010")
MF.RIGHTJUSTIFY     = HEXDEC("&H00004000")

Pop.1.Hndl = 0
PopHndl    = 0
MnuHndl    = 0
RetVal     = 0
Flag       = MF.BYPOSITION OR MF.POPUP OR MF.STRING OR MF.ENABLED
FlagDrop   = MF.BYPOSITION OR MF.STRING OR MF.ENABLED

CALLDLL #USER, "CreateMenu", MnuHndl AS ULONG '<-- Create menu bar handle

CALLDLL #USER, "CreatePopupMenu", PopHndl AS ULONG '<-- Create drop-down menu handle

CALLDLL #USER, "CreatePopupMenu", Pop.1.Hndl AS ULONG '<-- Create pop-up menu handle

'<--------------- ADD AN ITEM TO THE MENU BAR ---------------->
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
          MnuHndl AS ULONG, _   '<-- Menu bar handle
               0  AS  LONG, _   '<-- Position based on Flag
             Flag AS ULONG, _   '<-- Governing position and type
          PopHndl AS ULONG, _   '<-- Handle of drop-down menu
            "FILES" AS PTR, _   '<-- Name on button
            RetVal AS LONG

'<--------------- ADD AN ITEM TO THE DROP-DOWN LIST ----------->
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
           PopHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Handle of drop-down menu
               0  AS  LONG, _   '<-- Position based on FlagDrop
         FlagDrop AS ULONG, _   '<-- Governing position an type
              100 AS ULONG, _   '<-- ID Number of drop-down item
            "Open" AS PTR, _    '<-- Name of button
            RetVal AS LONG
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
           PopHndl AS ULONG, _
               2  AS  LONG, _
         FlagDrop AS ULONG, _
              101 AS ULONG, _
            "Save" AS PTR, _
            RetVal AS LONG

'<--------------- ADD A SUB-MENU ITEM TO THE DROP-DOWN LIST ----------->
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
           PopHndl AS ULONG, _ '<-- Handle of drop-down list
               3  AS  LONG, _  '<-- Position governed by Flag
             Flag AS ULONG, _  '<-- Governing position and type
       Pop.1.Hndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Handle of pop-up menu list
          "Save As" AS PTR, _  '<-- Name of button
            RetVal AS LONG

CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
        Pop.1.Hndl AS ULONG, _ '<-- Handle of pop-up menu list
                3  AS  LONG, _ '<-- Position governed by FlagDrop
          FlagDrop AS ULONG, _ '<-- FlagDrop governing position and type
               102 AS ULONG, _ '<-- ID number of pop-up menu item
              "JPEG" AS PTR, _ '<-- Name of button
             RetVal AS LONG

CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
        Pop.1.Hndl AS ULONG, _
                3  AS  LONG, _
          FlagDrop AS ULONG, _
               103 AS ULONG, _
              "TIFF" AS PTR, _
             RetVal AS LONG
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
        Pop.1.Hndl AS ULONG, _
                3  AS  LONG, _
          FlagDrop AS ULONG, _
               104 AS ULONG, _
               "PNG" AS PTR, _
             RetVal AS LONG
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
        Pop.1.Hndl AS ULONG, _
                6  AS  LONG, _
          FlagDrop AS ULONG, _
               105 AS ULONG, _
              "BMP" AS PTR, _
             RetVal AS LONG

'<--------------- ADD ANOTHER ITEM TO THE MENU BAR ----------->
CALLDLL #USER, "CreatePopupMenu", PopHndl AS ULONG '<-- Create a new drop-down handle

CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
          MnuHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Handle of MENU BAR
               1  AS  LONG, _  '<-- Position governed by Flag
             Flag AS ULONG, _  '<-- Governing position and type
          PopHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- New drop-down handle
             "HELP" AS PTR, _  '<-- Name of button
            RetVal AS LONG

'<--------------- ACTIVATE THE MENU --------------------------->
CALLDLL #USER, "SetMenu", DmoHndl AS ULONG, MnuHndl AS ULONG, RetVal AS LONG

END FUNCTION


'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUB OPEN.FL

PRINT "OPEN.FL"

END SUB


All of the above is what LB does for you, other than create the pop-up list, to create a menu. Remember that the buttons on the menu do not have ID numbers; the buttons in the drop-down list have ID numbers. The position of the buttons on the menu bar range from positon zero to position N. The position of the buttons on the drop-down also range from zero to N.

Ok. Here is the LB code to produce a drop-down menu list with a pop-up menu list.



[REFERENCE]
MF.BYCOMMAND        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")

MF.SEPARATOR        = HEXDEC("&H00000800")

MF.ENABLED          = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.GRAYED           = HEXDEC("&H00000001")
MF.DISABLED         = HEXDEC("&H00000002")

MF.UNCHECKED        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.CHECKED          = HEXDEC("&H00000008")
MF.USECHECKBITMAPS  = HEXDEC("&H00000200")

MF.STRING           = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BITMAP           = HEXDEC("&H00000004")
MF.OWNERDRAW        = HEXDEC("&H00000100")

MF.POPUP            = HEXDEC("&H00000010")
MF.MENUBARBREAK     = HEXDEC("&H00000020")
MF.MENUBREAK        = HEXDEC("&H00000040")

MF.UNHILITE         = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.HILITE           = HEXDEC("&H00000080")

MF.DEFAULT          = HEXDEC("&H00001000")

MF.SYSMENU          = HEXDEC("&H00002000")
MF.HELP             = HEXDEC("&H00004000")

MF.RIGHTJUSTIFY     = HEXDEC("&H00004000")

MF.MOUSESELECT      = HEXDEC("&H00008000")

OPEN "User32.dll" FOR DLL AS #USER


MENU #DMO, "FILES", "Open", OPEN.FL, "Save", SAVE.FL, _
          "Jpeg", JPEG, "Tiff", TIFF, "Png", PNG, "Bmp", BMP
MENU #DMO, "HELP"

OPEN "MENU DEMO" FOR WINDOW AS #DMO

DmoHndl = HWND(#DMO)

A = FN.ModifyMnu(DmoHndl)

WAIT
END

'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FUNCTION FN.ModifyMnu(DmoHndl)

MF.BYCOMMAND        = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.BYPOSITION       = HEXDEC("&H00000400")
MF.ENABLED          = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.STRING           = HEXDEC("&H00000000")
MF.POPUP            = HEXDEC("&H00000010")

MnuHndl = 0
DrpHndl = 0
PopHndl = 0
MnuCnt  = 0
MnuId   = 0
NumChrs = 0
Fnd     = 0
Flag    = MF.BYPOSITION
I       = 0

MnuTxt$ = ""

DIM MnuItms$(0, 0)

'<---------------------------- GET THE HANDLE OF THE MENU BAR ---------------->
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenu", _
              DmoHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Handle of window
              MnuHndl AS ULONG     'RETURN: Handle of menu bar

'<--------------------- GET THE HANDLE OF THE DROP-DOWN LIST ---------------->
CALLDLL #USER, "GetSubMenu", _
              MnuHndl AS LONG, _  '<-- MENU BAR handle
                    0 AS LONG, _  '<-- Button position on the menu bar
                Flag AS ULONG, _  '<-- Governs whether by position or by ID
             DrpHndl AS ULONG     'RETURN: Handle of the drop-down list button

'<--------------------- FIND THE NUMBER OF ITEHS IN THE DROP-DOWN LIST ------>
CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuItemCount", _
                DrpHndl AS ULONG, _ '<-- Drop-down list handle
                  MnuCnt AS LONG    'RETURN: Number of items in the list

'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
'  HERE WE PARSE THE DROP-DOWN LIST LOOKING FOR A SPECIFIC NAME IN THE LIST
'  AT THE SAME TIME WE PRESERVE THE NAMES AND THE BUTTON IDs FOR USE LATER
'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
MnuCnt = MnuCnt - 1
REDIM MnuItms$(MnuCnt, 1)      '<-- Preservation matrix
FOR I = 0 TO MnuCnt
 MnuTxt$ = SPACE$(60)
 CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuStringA", _
                DrpHndl AS ULONG, _ '<-- Handle of drop-down menu
                       I AS LONG, _ '<-- Position of drop-down button
                  MnuTxt$ AS PTR, _ 'RETURN: Title of button
                      60 AS LONG, _ '<-- Maximum characters to return
                   Flag AS ULONG, _ '<-- Governs how to return.
                                  _ 'If we knew the IDs of the buttons
                                  _ 'we could use MF.BYCOMMAND
                NumChrs AS LONG     'RETURN: Number of characters in title

 CALLDLL #USER, "GetMenuItemID", _
               DrpHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Handle of drop-down list
                     I AS LONG,  _  '<-- Position in the list
                 MnuId AS LONG      'RETURN: Button ID

 MnuTxt$ = LEFT$(MnuTxt$, NumChrs)
 IF UPPER$(MnuTxt$) = "JPEG" THEN Fnd = I  '<-- Preserve the position

 MnuItms$(I, 0) = MnuTxt$  '<-- Preserve the title
 MnuItms$(I, 1) = STR$(MnuId) '<-- Preserve the button ID
NEXT I

'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
'  HERE WE CREATE A POP-UP LIST ITEM AND INSERT IT AT THE POSITION FOUND FOR
'  "Jpeg".  THIS WILL NOT DISRUPT THE LB COMMAND FLOW BECAUSE POP-UP ITEMS
'  DO NOT HAVE AN ID NUMBER.  BY INSERTING THE POP-UP AT THE "Jpeg" POSITION
'  ALL THE OTHER ITEMS ARE MOVED DOWN THE LIST ONE POSITION
'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
CALLDLL #USER, "CreatePopupMenu", _
              PopHndl AS ULONG      'RETURN: Pop-up handle

Flag = Flag OR MF.POPUP OR MF.ENABLED OR MF.STRING

'<------------------------- INSERT THE POP-UP ------------------------------->
CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
           DrpHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Drop-down handle
              Fnd  AS  LONG, _  '<-- Position to insert
              Flag AS ULONG, _  '<-- Governs what to insert and where
           PopHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Pop-up handle
           "SAVE AS" AS PTR, _  '<-- Title
            RetVal AS LONG      'RETURN: Non-zero on success

'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
'  HERE WE WE MOVE PART OF THE DROP-DOWN LIST TO THE POP-UP LIST
'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
Flag = MF.BYPOSITION OR MF.STRING OR MF.ENABLED
FOR I = Fnd TO MnuCnt
 MnuTxt$ = MnuItms$(I, 0)       '<-- Item name
 MnuId   = VAL(MnuItms$(I, 1))  '<-- Item ID

 CALLDLL #USER, "InsertMenuA", _
             PopHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Pop-up handle
                I  AS  LONG, _    '<-- Position to insert
                Flag AS ULONG, _  '<-- Governs position and type
               MnuId AS ULONG, _  '<-- Item ID
               MnuTxt$ AS PTR, _  '<-- Item Name
              RetVal AS LONG      'RETURN: Non-zero on success
NEXT I

'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
'  FINALLY WE REMOVE THE ITEMS FROM THE DROP-DOWN LIST.  IF THE ITEMS IN THE
'  DROP-DOWN LIST HAD IDS DIFFERENT FROM THOSE IN THE POP-UP LIST A SLIGHTLY
'  DIFFERENT APPROACH COULD BE USED
'<--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
Flag = MF.BYPOSITION

I = Fnd
[AGAIN]
 I = Fnd + 1
 CALLDLL #USER, "DeleteMenu", _
            DrpHndl AS ULONG, _  '<-- Drop-down handle
                  I AS  LONG, _  '<-- Position
               Flag AS ULONG, _  '<-- Interpretation of "I"
             RetVal AS  LONG     'RETURN: Non-zero on success
IF RetVal < 1 THEN GOTO [DEL.DONE]
GOTO [AGAIN]

[DEL.DONE]

'<-------------------------- REFRESH THE MENU ----------------------------->
CALLDLL #USER, "DrawMenuBar", _
              DmoHndl AS ULONG, _ '<-- Handle of window
              RetVal AS LONG      '<-- Actually returns nothing

END FUNCTION

'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUB JPEG
PRINT "JPEG"
END SUB

'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



By preserving the menu ID numbers, LB knows where to send the results of the BN_CLICK message.

Any one want to take a shot at making the "HELP" menu bar button activate without having a drop-down list?

[Walt Decker]

Don't know whether anyone is really interested in this stuff, but if you are and can't figure out how to make the "HELP" item activate, here is a tip:

Give the "HELP" item a drop-down menu item. Save the drop-down item ID. Delete the "HELP" menu bar item. Recreate it using the menu bar menu handle with MF.POPUP OR MF.STRING OR MF.ENABELED and the saved item ID.

[Rod]

Walt, don't worry about interest. It will interest someone and they will find it with our search engine.

[Walt Decker]

Oh, I am not worried. Just thought there would be more interest in this kind of stuff.